The quote, "Shakespeare was the Homer, or father of our dramatic poets; Johnson was the Vergil, the pattern of elaborate writing," was stated by John Dryden.

John Dryden: A Renowned Critic

John Dryden (1631-1700) was a highly influential English poet, playwright, literary critic, and satirist. He is considered a dominant figure in 17th-century English literature and played a significant role in shaping literary criticism during his time.

Analyzing Dryden's Famous Comparison

Dryden's critical assessments often involved comparing contemporary or earlier writers to classical masters. In this particular quote, he draws parallels between English playwrights and ancient literary giants:

• Shakespeare as Homer: Dryden elevates William Shakespeare by comparing him to Homer, the legendary ancient Greek epic poet. This comparison highlights Shakespeare's immense natural genius, originality, and his role as the foundational "father" of English dramatic poetry. Like Homer, Shakespeare possessed an unparalleled ability to create vibrant characters and compelling narratives through sheer talent.
• Ben Jonson as Virgil: Dryden equates Benjamin Jonson (often called 'Rare Ben') with Virgil, the Roman poet celebrated for his technical skill, artistry, and carefully crafted works (like the Aeneid). This comparison positions Ben Jonson as a master of form, discipline, and refined expression ("elaborate writing") in the dramatic field, emphasizing his learned approach and classical influence.

This statement reveals Dryden's balanced perspective, appreciating both the innate genius of Shakespeare and the skillful craftsmanship of Ben Jonson, placing them within the tradition of classical literary excellence.