The rock art of Bhimbetka was discovered by V.S. Wakankar. Let's explore this in detail to understand the significance of this discovery and why the other options are incorrect:

1. Background: The Bhimbetka rock shelters are an archaeological site in central India that spans the prehistoric Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods. The site is known for its prehistoric cave paintings and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2. Discovery by V.S. Wakankar: V.S. Wakankar, an Indian archaeologist, discovered these rock shelters in 1957. While traveling on a train, he noticed the unusual formations in the hills near Bhimbetka and decided to investigate further, which led to the discovery of these ancient paintings.
3. Confusion with Other Options:
   • Archibald Carlleyle: He was an archaeologist known for his work in the field of prehistoric studies in India, especially around the same period as Bhimbetka. However, he did not discover Bhimbetka.
   • Alexander Cunningham: Known as the father of the Archaeological Survey of India, he played a significant role in Indian archaeology but was not associated with the discovery of Bhimbetka.
   • Mortimer Wheeler: Another renowned archaeologist who contributed significantly to the study of India's ancient history, especially the Indus Valley Civilization, but did not discover Bhimbetka.
4. Conclusion: Based on this information, V.S. Wakankar was indeed the person who discovered the rock art at Bhimbetka, making him the correct choice for this question.

This discovery has contributed significantly to understanding early human life in the Indian subcontinent and highlighted an ancient culture that existed thousands of years ago. Hence the correct answer is V.S. Wakankar.