Which statements are true for digital to digital Encoding schemes. A. Unipolar encoding uses one level of value. B. Unipolar encoded signal contains a direct current component(a component with zero frequency) C. In NRZ-L, the level of the signal is dependent upon the state of the bit. D. In NRZ-I, the signal is not inverted of a 1 is an encountered. E. RZ encoding scheme removes both DC components and problem of synchronization.
Analyzing Digital Encoding Schemes Statements
This section evaluates the truthfulness of statements regarding various digital-to-digital encoding schemes. Key schemes discussed include Unipolar, Non-Return-to-Zero Level (NRZ-L), Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted (NRZ-I), and Return-to-Zero (RZ).Statement A: Unipolar Encoding
Unipolar encoding represents binary data using only one non-zero voltage level. Typically, one binary value (like 0) is represented by zero voltage, and the other binary value (like 1) is represented by a positive voltage. Therefore, it uses only one distinct voltage level (apart from zero). Statement A is TRUE.
Statement B: Unipolar DC Component
Because Unipolar encoding uses a constant voltage for one of the bit states (e.g., positive voltage for '1'), a long sequence of that bit state will result in a non-zero average voltage. This signifies the presence of a Direct Current (DC) component (a zero-frequency component) in the signal. Statement B is TRUE.
Statement C: NRZ-L Level Dependency
In NRZ-L (Non-Return-to-Zero Level) encoding, the signal level directly corresponds to the bit value. For instance, a high voltage might represent '1' and a low voltage might represent '0'. Thus, the signal's level is determined by the current bit's state. Statement C is TRUE.
Statement D: NRZ-I Inversion Rule
NRZ-I (Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted) encoding uses a signal transition to represent a binary '1'. Specifically, a '1' causes the signal level to invert (change from high-to-low or low-to-high) at the midpoint of the bit period. A binary '0' is represented by the absence of a transition. The statement claims the signal is *not* inverted when a '1' is encountered, which contradicts the definition of NRZ-I. Statement D is FALSE.
Statement E: RZ Encoding Benefits
RZ (Return-to-Zero) encoding involves a transition within each bit period, where the signal returns to zero voltage. This return-to-zero characteristic helps reduce the DC component compared to NRZ schemes, although it doesn't eliminate it entirely. The mid-bit transition also aids in maintaining synchronization between the sender and receiver. While these benefits might not be absolute "removal," in the context of encoding schemes, RZ offers significant improvements in reducing DC bias and aiding synchronization. Statement E is TRUE.
Conclusion on Encoding Schemes
Based on the analysis, the true statements regarding digital-to-digital encoding schemes are A, B, C, and E. These statements accurately describe characteristics of Unipolar, NRZ-L, and RZ encoding methods.
Important Questions from Networking
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