Which statement best distinguishes primitive subsistence farming from commercial farming in India?
Primitive farming emphasises family consumption needs
Primitive subsistence farming (jhum, shifting cultivation, small-plot rain-fed cropping) is practised chiefly to meet the family's own food needs, uses simple tools like the hoe or dao, depends on monsoon rainfall and natural fertility and generates little or no surplus for sale.
Commercial farming is market-oriented, surplus-producing and uses modern inputs such as HYV seeds, chemical fertilisers, machinery and irrigation. So the statement that correctly distinguishes the two is that primitive farming emphasises family consumption needs.
Hence, Primitive farming emphasises family consumption needs.
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