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$p = \frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta} \text{   and    } q = \frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}$

Which one of the following is correct ?

This question was previously asked in
CDS 1 2026 Maths Question Paper (12-Apr-2026)
The correct answer is

\(2pq - 1 = 0\)

To solve the given problem, we need to determine which mathematical expression among the options is correct based on the provided values of \( p \) and \( q \):

Given: \(p = \frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta}\) and \(q = \frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}\)

  1. Substituting \( p \) and \( q \) into the expressions:
    • \(p - q = \frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta} - \frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}\)
    • \(pq - 1 = \left(\frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta}\right) \left(\frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}\right) - 1\)
    • \(pq - 2 = \left(\frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta}\right) \left(\frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}\right) - 2\)
    • \(2pq - 1 = 2\left(\frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta}\right) \left(\frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}\right) - 1\)
  2. Calculate \( pq \):

First, find the product \( pq \):

\(pq = \left(\frac{\sin \theta}{1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta}\right) \left(\frac{1 + \sin \theta}{1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta}\right)\)

By simplifying the expression \( pq = \frac{\sin \theta (1 + \sin \theta)}{(1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta)(1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta)} \).

Notice that the denominator may be simplified using algebraic identities.

After simplification, we find that \(2pq - 1 = 0\) turns out to be true.

  1. Verification:

Substitute and simplify the expression to check the validity:

This involves simplification of trigonometric identities which leads to verifying:

\(2pq = 1 \implies \frac{2 \sin \theta (1 + \sin \theta)}{(1 + \cos \theta + \sin \theta)(1 + \sin \theta - \cos \theta)} = 1\)

Upon finding these values and verifying all parts, we conclude:

  1. Conclusion:

Based on the calculations and verification, the correct answer is indeed:

Option: \(2pq - 1 = 0\)

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