Gupta Ruler Identity: The "Lichchavi Dauhitara"

The title "Lichchavi Dauhitara" is a significant identifier used in ancient Indian history, specifically relating to the Gupta Empire. The term translates to "son of the daughter of the Lichchavis". This title points towards a ruler whose maternal lineage was connected to the prominent Lichchavi clan.

Understanding the Title "Lichchavi Dauhitara"

• Lichchavi: Refers to the ancient Indian republic that ruled during the time of the Buddha and Mahavira, and later became influential in North India.
• Dauhitara: A Sanskrit term meaning "daughter's son" or "maternal grandson".
• Significance: This title highlights the importance of maternal ancestry in establishing legitimacy and prestige for rulers during the Gupta period. It specifically denotes a ruler who was the grandson of a Lichchavi princess.

Analyzing Gupta Dynasty Rulers

Let's examine the connection of the given Gupta rulers to the Lichchavi clan:

• Chandragupta I: Considered the first ruler of the Gupta Empire to adopt the grand title of 'Maharajadhiraja'. He strengthened his position by marrying Kumaradevi, a princess from the Lichchavi dynasty.
• Samudragupta: He was the son of Chandragupta I and Kumaradevi. Because his mother was a Lichchavi princess, Samudragupta rightfully bore the title "Lichchavi Dauhitara", signifying his maternal connection to the Lichchavi clan. This lineage likely played a role in his rise and legitimacy.
• Chandragupta II: Son of Samudragupta. While he inherited a strong kingdom, the specific title "Lichchavi Dauhitara" is primarily associated with his father.
• Skandagupta: A later ruler of the Gupta dynasty, known for defending the empire against the Hunas. The "Lichchavi Dauhitara" title is not associated with him.

Based on historical inscriptions and numismatic evidence, particularly coins mentioning his mother Kumaradevi, Samudragupta is identified by the title "Lichchavi Dauhitara".