1. Rubella
2. Hepatitis-B
3. Diphtheria
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The question asks to identify which vaccines among Rubella, Hepatitis-B, and Diphtheria are contraindicated during pregnancy.
The Rubella vaccine is a live attenuated virus vaccine. Live vaccines are generally contraindicated during pregnancy due to the potential, though small, risk of the vaccine virus crossing the placenta and harming the fetus. Therefore, the Rubella vaccine should not be administered to pregnant individuals, and pregnancy should be avoided for at least one month after vaccination.
The Hepatitis-B vaccine is an inactivated vaccine. Inactivated vaccines are generally considered safe for use during pregnancy. In fact, vaccination is often recommended for pregnant women at high risk of exposure or infection.
The Diphtheria vaccine is typically given in combination with tetanus and pertussis (e.g., Tdap). Vaccines containing inactivated components, like the Diphtheria toxoid, are considered safe during pregnancy. The Tdap vaccine is routinely recommended during each pregnancy to protect the newborn from pertussis.
Based on the safety profiles:
Therefore, only the Rubella vaccine (1) is contraindicated in pregnancy among the choices provided.
Which of the following are correct with regard to BCG vaccination?
1. It is a live-attenuated vaccine.
2. It is administered by intramuscular injection.
3. It is derived from Mycobacterium bovis.
4. It is highly immunogenic.
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Consider the following statements :
1. Hepatitis B vaccine has reduced efficacy, if administered intramuscularly.
2. The maximum time allowed between reconstitution of MMR vaccine and use is 30 minutes.
3. Maternal antibodies do not interfere with cellular immune response to BCG vaccine.
4. DTwP is preferred to DTaP for primary immunization in most children.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Which of the following events could be caused or precipitated by an active component of vaccine?
1. Anaphylaxis after measles vaccine
2. Encephalopathy after DPT vaccine
3. Adenitis following BCG vaccine
4. Gastroenteritis following MMR vaccine
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