This solution analyzes the properties and composition of surface paints based on the given statements.

Analyzing Surface Paint Statements

Let's evaluate each statement regarding surface paint:

• Statement 1: Paint is glossy when Pigment Volume Concentration is high

  This statement is false. High Pigment Volume Concentration (PVC) means more pigment relative to the binder. This typically increases light scattering and surface roughness, reducing gloss. Gloss is associated with a smooth, binder-rich surface.

• Statement 2: Vehicle is the volatile part of the paint

  This statement is true. The vehicle consists of the binder and solvents (thinners). The solvents are the volatile components that evaporate during the drying process, enabling film formation.

• Statement 3: Base of the paint is usually oxides of metals

  This statement is true. The term 'base' often refers to the primary solid components, mainly pigments. Many widely used pigments are indeed metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide (for whiteness and opacity) and iron oxides (for various colors).

• Statement 4: High VOC content is preferred in paints

  This statement is false. VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) contribute to air pollution and health issues. Environmental regulations and consumer preferences increasingly favor low-VOC or zero-VOC paints.

Conclusion on Correct Statements

Based on the analysis, the true statements regarding surface paint are:

• Statement B: Vehicle is the volatile part of the paint.
• Statement C: Base of the paint is usually oxides of metals.