Bahmani Sultan Firoz Shah's Conflict with Vijayanagara

This question requires identifying the historically accurate statement concerning the Bahmani Sultanate and its contemporaries.

Analyzing Bahmani Ruler Firoz Shah's Defeat

Statement 2 is correct: Firoz Shah Bahmani was defeated by Vijayanagara ruler Devaraya I.

• There were documented military engagements between Firoz Shah Bahmani (reigned 1397-1422) and the Vijayanagara ruler Devaraya I (reigned 1406-1422).
• Historical accounts suggest that Devaraya I achieved success in these conflicts, repelling Bahmani advances and asserting his authority.

Evaluating Other Statements

• Statement 1 is inaccurate regarding the primary context. While Firoz Shah had associations with Sufi Saint Gesu Daraz, the title 'Wali' is not exclusively or primarily attributed to this relationship in historical records.
• Statement 3 is incorrect. Ahmad Shah Bahmani I (reigned 1422-1436) relocated the Bahmani capital from Gulbarga to Bidar. He conquered Warangal but did not establish it as the capital.
• Statement 4 is inaccurate. There is limited historical evidence supporting the claim that Ahmad Shah Bahmani I significantly encouraged astronomy or built an observatory near Daulatabad. His reign is more noted for religious activities and the capital shift.