Ontological Orientation: Qualitative Research

Ontology explores the nature of reality or existence. In research, the ontological orientation addresses the fundamental assumptions about the reality being studied.

Qualitative Research and Ontology

Qualitative research strategies typically adopt an ontological stance that views reality as socially constructed and subjective. This perspective suggests that reality is not fixed or objective but is created and interpreted through social interactions and individual experiences.

Analyzing the Options

• Deductive: This refers to a reasoning approach (general to specific), not an ontological orientation.
• Positivism: Assumes an objective, measurable reality, typically associated with quantitative research.
• Objectivism: Similar to positivism, it posits that reality exists independently of the observer.
• Constructionism: Posits that reality is created through social and individual interpretation. This aligns with the subjective, context-dependent nature of phenomena studied in qualitative research.

Conclusion on Qualitative Ontology

Based on the nature of inquiry in qualitative research, which focuses on understanding experiences, meanings, and social contexts, Constructionism best represents its underlying ontological orientation. It acknowledges that reality is shaped by the participants' perspectives and the researcher's interpretations.