Pendulum Governor Identification

A pendulum governor, also known as a centrifugal governor, uses the rotation of weighted balls to regulate speed. The outward centrifugal force generated during rotation is balanced by the force of gravity acting on the balls, influencing a mechanism that controls the prime mover's input.

Governor Type Analysis

• Hartnell governor: This is a spring-loaded governor. The balls are attached to levers, and the centrifugal force is resisted by springs, not directly by gravity. Therefore, it is not a pendulum governor.
• Proell governor: This governor is an extension or modification of the Watt governor, often incorporating a weight on the sleeve. While related to pendulum types, it's not the primary example.
• Porter governor: This governor adds a central dead weight to the Watt governor mechanism. The primary balancing force becomes the dead weight, making it a dead-weight governor, not purely a pendulum type.
• Watt governor: This is the earliest form of centrifugal governor. It consists of rotating balls attached to a central spindle by links. The mechanism relies on the balance between centrifugal force and the weight (gravity) of the balls, classifying it as a pendulum governor.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis, the Watt governor is the classic example of a pendulum governor.