Which of the following is a common complication associated with poorly managed gestational diabetes mellitus?
Macrosomia
In gestational diabetes, maternal glucose crosses the placenta, but insulin does not.
The fetal pancreas responds with hyperinsulinaemia; insulin acts as a growth hormone, causing excess fat and tissue growth — macrosomia (birth weight above 4 kg).
Macrosomia increases the risk of shoulder dystocia, birth injury and caesarean section. Hyperemesis and placenta previa are not typical complications of GDM; preterm labour is less characteristic than macrosomia.
Hence, Macrosomia.
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Important Questions from Midwifery and Obstetrical Nursing
A patient with a history of recurrent second-trimester miscarriages undergoes an MRI. The scan shows a heart-shaped uterine cavity with two distinct horns. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is the expected color and composition of lochia serosa?
A nurse observes that a woman’s lochia has transitioned from rubra to alba on the twelfth postpartum day. What does this indicate about her recovery process?
Which fetal position is most commonly associated with prolonged labor due to malposition?
A pregnant woman complains of heartburn during her third trimester. Which combination of management strategies is most appropriate for this minor disorder?
