Question
Which of the following is a bacterial disease?
The correct answer is
(b) Typhoid
Understanding Bacterial vs. Viral Diseases
Identifying whether a disease is caused by bacteria or a virus is important in understanding how it spreads and is treated. Bacteria and viruses are both types of microbes that can cause illness, but they are very different in structure and how they infect the body.Analyzing the Options for Bacterial Diseases
Let's look at each option provided and determine its cause:- (a) Smallpox: Smallpox is a serious infectious disease caused by the variola virus. It is known for causing a characteristic rash.
- (b) Typhoid: Typhoid fever is an illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. It is typically spread through contaminated food or water.
- (c) Measles: Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- (d) Polio: Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a disabling and life-threatening disease caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads from person to person and can infect the brain and spinal cord.
Causes of the Diseases Listed
To summarize the causes of the diseases mentioned:| Disease | Cause |
|---|---|
| Smallpox | Virus (Variola virus) |
| Typhoid | Bacteria (Salmonella Typhi) |
| Measles | Virus (Measles virus) |
| Polio | Virus (Poliovirus) |
Therefore, Typhoid is the bacterial disease among the given choices.
Revision Table: Key Facts on Diseases
Understanding the basic characteristics helps in revising concepts related to infectious diseases.| Disease | Type of Pathogen | Mode of Transmission (Common) |
|---|---|---|
| Smallpox | Virus | Close contact, airborne droplets |
| Typhoid | Bacteria | Contaminated food/water (Fecal-oral route) |
| Measles | Virus | Airborne droplets |
| Polio | Virus | Fecal-oral route, contaminated water/food |
Additional Information on Bacterial and Viral Infections
Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.- Bacteria: These are single-celled microorganisms. They can reproduce on their own. Bacterial infections can often be treated with antibiotics. Examples include strep throat, urinary tract infections, and tuberculosis, in addition to Typhoid.
- Viruses: These are much smaller than bacteria and require a host cell to reproduce. Viral infections cannot be treated with antibiotics. Treatment often focuses on managing symptoms or using antiviral medications for specific viruses. Examples include the common cold, flu, chickenpox, and HIV, along with Smallpox, Measles, and Polio.
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Important Questions from Human Health and Diseases
Smack is chemically:
Antibodies are secreted by:
Which of the following is not a Sexually Transmitted Disease?
Which of the following statements is incorrect with respect to Medical Termination of Pregnancy?
Identify the incorrect statement/s:
(A) Intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases of typhoid infection.
(B) Common cold is caused by Rhinoviruses.
(C) Lips and fingernails may turn grey to bluish colour in severe cases of pneumonia.
(D) Pneumonia is caused by Salmonella.
(E) Typhoid fever could be confirmed by Widal test.
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