Seed Dispersal Mechanism

Seed dispersal refers to the movement or transport of seeds away from the parent plant. One common method involves animals.

Identifying Hooked Seed Structures

The question asks for a plant whose seeds have hook-like structures, enabling dispersal by attaching to animal bodies.

• Xanthium (Cocklebur) produces seeds enclosed in burrs covered with stiff, hooked spines. These hooks readily catch onto the fur or feathers of passing animals, facilitating dispersal over distances.
• Sunflower seeds are typically dispersed by birds eating the seeds or by gravity.
• Madar (Calotropis) seeds have fibrous, cotton-like structures that aid in wind dispersal.
• Drumstick (Moringa) seeds are often winged or buoyant, adapted for wind or water dispersal.

Conclusion: Xanthium's Adaptation

Based on the presence of thorny seeds with hook-like structures for attachment to animals, Xanthium is the correct answer. This specific adaptation ensures its seeds are carried away from the parent plant, reducing competition and colonizing new areas.