Which of the following conditions in the eastern Indian Ocean best describes the prevalence of positive Indian Ocean dipole (IOD)
warmer than normal sea surface temperature, anomalous easterly winds and shallow thermocline
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) describes sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies between the western and eastern tropical Indian Ocean.
Conditions During Positive IOD in Eastern Indian Ocean
A positive IOD phase is characterized by the following conditions in the eastern Indian Ocean, as per the provided context:
- Sea Surface Temperature (SST): Reported as warmer than normal.
- Winds: Anomalous easterly winds are present, blowing from east to west along the equator.
- Thermocline: A shallow thermocline is observed.
Relationship Between IOD Components
Anomalous easterly winds during a positive IOD push warm surface water westward. This action causes colder, deep water to rise to the surface in the east (upwelling), leading to a shallow thermocline.
Option A combines these elements: anomalous easterly winds and a shallow thermocline, consistent with the physical drivers of the IOD in the eastern region. The condition of warmer SST is noted as specified in the option.
Important Questions from Enso and Ocean-Atmosphere
- Which of the following is NOT a dominantly interannual phenomenon?
- How does El Nino influence atmospheric $\text{CO}_2$ levels?
- Which one of the following has a positive correlation with the NINO3 INDEX, which represents ENSO variability?
Given:
a) The Eastern Indian Ocean is warmer than the Western Indian Ocean
b) The Eastern Indian Ocean is colder than the Western Indian Ocean
c) Excess anomalous rainfall in the East Africa
d) The westerly wind anomaly is in the Eastern Indian Ocean
Which of the above conditions co-occur with the positive Indian Ocean Dipole?
- Which one of the following anomalous features is NOT associated with the El Nino?
