Understanding the 'Right to Life' in Key Human Rights Documents

The question asks us to identify which specific articles from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), and its Second Optional Protocol (OP2) contain the phrase 'right to life'. Let's examine each option:

Analyzing UDHR Article 3

Article 3 of the UDHR, 1948 states: "Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person." This clearly incorporates the specific expression 'right to life'. Therefore, option A is relevant.

Analyzing ICCPR Article 6

Article 6 of the ICCPR, 1966 begins with: "1. Every human being has the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life." This article explicitly includes the 'right to life'. Therefore, option B is relevant.

Analyzing ICESCR Article 9

Article 9 of the ICESCR, 1966 focuses on the 'right to social security' and related economic, social, and cultural rights. It does not explicitly mention the phrase 'right to life' in the same manner as the UDHR or ICCPR. It primarily deals with rights like work, fair wages, and social security.

Analyzing OP2 Article 3

Article 3 of the Second Optional Protocol to the ICCPR (OP2), 1989 concerns the abolition of the death penalty. While deeply connected to the concept of the right to life, its primary focus is on preventing state-sanctioned executions, rather than stating the general 'right to life' itself, which is the focus of Article 6 of the main ICCPR.

Determining the Correct Combination

Based on the analysis:

• Article 3 of UDHR, 1948 includes the 'right to life'.
• Article 6 of ICCPR, 1966 includes the 'right to life'.
• Article 9 of ICESCR, 1966 does not explicitly include the phrase 'right to life'.
• Article 3 of OP2 of ICCPR, 1989 deals with the death penalty abolition, not the primary statement of the 'right to life'.

Therefore, the articles that incorporate the expression 'right to life' are Article 3 of UDHR and Article 6 of ICCPR. This corresponds to the combination of options A and B.