Understanding the Preamble's Core Values

The Preamble to the Indian Constitution serves as an introduction, outlining the ideals and aspirations of the nation. It declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic. The question asks which specific amendment introduced the principles of Secularism, Socialism, and Integrity into this foundational text.

42nd Amendment: Adding Key Principles

The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, brought significant changes to the Indian Constitution, including modifications to the Preamble. This amendment is widely known for inserting the words:

• Socialist
• Secular
• Integrity (added to 'Unity of the Nation' becoming 'Unity and Integrity of the Nation')

These additions aimed to strengthen the commitment to social and economic equality, secular ideals, and national unity.

Why Other Amendments Are Incorrect

Let's look at why the other options are not the correct answer:

• 44th Amendment: Primarily focused on restoring some powers and rights, notably making Preventive Detention less absolute and changing the description of property from 'fundamental' to 'legal'. It did not alter the Preamble's core descriptive terms.
• 73rd Amendment: This amendment deals with Panchayati Raj institutions, adding Part IX and the Eleventh Schedule to the Constitution.
• 74th Amendment: This amendment relates to urban local self-government bodies, adding Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule.

Therefore, the 42nd Amendment is the specific constitutional change that incorporated Secularism, Socialism, and Integrity into the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.