Which gland in the endocrine system is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism through the secretion of its main hormone?
Thyroid gland
The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
These hormones set the basal metabolic rate — they increase oxygen consumption, heat production and the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in almost all tissues.
The pancreas mainly regulates blood glucose (insulin, glucagon), the pineal gland secretes melatonin for sleep–wake rhythm, and the adrenal glands secrete cortisol, aldosterone and adrenaline.
Hence, Thyroid gland.
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Important Questions from Physiology
If a person touches a hot surface and quickly pulls their hand away, which type of nerves are primarily responsible for sending the signal to move the hand?
What is the primary function of the baroreceptors located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch?
During the menstrual cycle, what typically occurs when estrogen and progesterone levels drop at the end of the cycle?
Which of the following organs play(s) the primary role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the human body?
What is the primary function of alveoli in the lungs?
