Understanding Constitutional and Statutory Bodies

Before identifying which option is not a Constitutional or Statutory Body, it's essential to understand what these terms mean:

• Constitutional Body: An organization established directly by the Constitution of India. Its powers, functions, and existence are guaranteed by the Constitution itself. Examples include the President, Supreme Court, Election Commission, etc.
• Statutory Body: An organization created by an Act passed by the Parliament or State Legislature. Its powers and functions are defined by the specific law (statute) under which it is established. Examples include SEBI, IRDAI, etc.

Analysis of Options Provided

Let's examine each option in the context of the definitions above:

1. Finance Commission

• The Finance Commission is established under Article 280 of the Constitution of India.
• It is a key Constitutional Body responsible for advising the President on financial matters between the Union and the States.

2. UPSC (Union Public Service Commission)

• The UPSC is established under Article 315 of the Constitution of India.
• It functions as a central recruiting agency and is a prominent Constitutional Body.

3. NITI Aayog

• NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) was established in January 2015 by a Government Resolution (an executive decision) of the Union Cabinet.
• It replaced the Planning Commission.
• NITI Aayog was not created by the Constitution of India, nor was it established through an Act of Parliament.
• Therefore, it is neither a Constitutional Body nor a Statutory Body. It is often referred to as an advisory body or an executive body.

4. Election Commission

• The Election Commission of India is established under Article 324 of the Constitution of India.
• It is responsible for conducting and supervising elections in India and is a vital Constitutional Body.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis:

• Finance Commission is a Constitutional Body.
• UPSC is a Constitutional Body.
• Election Commission is a Constitutional Body.
• NITI Aayog is neither a Constitutional Body nor a Statutory Body.

Therefore, NITI Aayog is the correct answer as it does not fall under the category of Statutory or Constitutional Bodies.