Understanding Scientific Research Methods Characteristics

The question asks us to identify the defining characteristics of scientific methods of research from the given statements. Let's analyze each statement:

• A. Science is objective: This means that scientific findings are based on observable facts and are not influenced by personal feelings, biases, or opinions. Objectivity is a fundamental principle in scientific research, ensuring that results can be verified by others.
• B. Science is empirical: Empirical means that scientific knowledge is derived from direct observation and experimentation. Evidence gathered through the senses or instruments is the basis for scientific conclusions.
• C. Science is un-predictive: This statement is incorrect. A major goal of science is to develop theories and laws that can predict future events or outcomes based on established patterns and relationships. Prediction is a key outcome of scientific understanding.
• D. Science is self-correcting: Science has built-in mechanisms for correcting errors. When new evidence emerges that contradicts existing theories, scientists are expected to revise or abandon those theories. This iterative process of testing and refinement leads to more accurate knowledge over time.
• E. Science is systematic and cumulative: Scientific research follows a structured, organized approach (systematic). Furthermore, scientific knowledge builds upon previous discoveries (cumulative). Each new finding often serves as a foundation for future research, leading to a growing body of knowledge.

Identifying Correct Characteristics

Based on the analysis above, the characteristics that accurately describe scientific methods are:

• Science is objective (A)
• Science is empirical (B)
• Science is self-correcting (D)
• Science is systematic and cumulative (E)

The statement 'Science is un-predictive' (C) is not a characteristic of scientific methods.

Conclusion on Scientific Methods

Therefore, the correct combination of characteristics of scientific methods of research includes A, B, D, and E.