What is the correct sequence of concentration of various components of producer gas? (A) CH 4 (B) CO 2 (C) CO (D) N 2 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Understanding Producer Gas Composition and Concentration
Producer gas is a type of fuel gas produced by the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials such as coal, coke, or biomass, usually with air and steam.
It is primarily composed of:
- Nitrogen (\(\text{N}_2\))
- Carbon Monoxide (\(\text{CO}\))
- Hydrogen (\(\text{H}_2\))
- Carbon Dioxide (\(\text{CO}_2\))
- Small amounts of Methane (\(\text{CH}_4\)) and other hydrocarbons
The exact composition can vary depending on the fuel source, the process temperature, and the amount of air/steam used. However, the major components typically fall within certain concentration ranges.
Typical Concentration Ranges in Producer Gas
Here are the approximate typical volume percentages for the main components:
| Component | Chemical Formula | Approximate Concentration (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen | \(\text{N}_2\) | 45 - 55 |
| Carbon Monoxide | \(\text{CO}\) | 25 - 35 |
| Hydrogen | \(\text{H}_2\) | 5 - 15 |
| Carbon Dioxide | \(\text{CO}_2\) | 5 - 10 |
| Methane | \(\text{CH}_4\) | 1 - 5 |
Nitrogen is the most abundant component because it is a major part of the air used in the production process and does not react significantly.
Analyzing the Given Components for Concentration Sequence
The question asks for the correct sequence of concentration for the following components:
- (A) \(\text{CH}_4\) (Methane)
- (B) \(\text{CO}_2\) (Carbon Dioxide)
- (C) \(\text{CO}\) (Carbon Monoxide)
- (D) \(\text{N}_2\) (Nitrogen)
Based on the typical concentration ranges:
- Nitrogen (\(\text{N}_2\)) has the highest concentration (45-55%).
- Carbon Monoxide (\(\text{CO}\)) has the next highest concentration (25-35%).
- Carbon Dioxide (\(\text{CO}_2\)) has a lower concentration than CO (5-10%).
- Methane (\(\text{CH}_4\)) has the lowest concentration among these four components (1-5%).
Therefore, the correct sequence from highest concentration to lowest concentration is:
\(\text{N}_2\) > \(\text{CO}\) > \(\text{CO}_2\) > \(\text{CH}_4\)
Mapping this back to the labels (A), (B), (C), and (D):
- \(\text{N}_2\) is (D)
- \(\text{CO}\) is (C)
- \(\text{CO}_2\) is (B)
- \(\text{CH}_4\) is (A)
The sequence is (D) > (C) > (B) > (A).
Revision Table: Producer Gas Components
| Label | Component | Typical Concentration Range |
|---|---|---|
| (A) | \(\text{CH}_4\) | 1-5% |
| (B) | \(\text{CO}_2\) | 5-10% |
| (C) | \(\text{CO}\) | 25-35% |
| (D) | \(\text{N}_2\) | 45-55% |
Comparing the ranges confirms the order: \(\text{N}_2 > \text{CO} > \text{CO}_2 > \text{CH}_4\).
Which corresponds to (D) > (C) > (B) > (A).
Additional Information on Producer Gas
Producer gas is also known as suction gas. It has a low calorific value compared to natural gas or other fuel gases because of the high percentage of nitrogen. It is often used for industrial heating processes, internal combustion engines (though less common now), and as a feedstock for chemical synthesis in some applications. The production process involves gasification, where the carbonaceous material reacts at high temperatures with a limited amount of oxygen or air and often steam.
Important Questions from Environmental Education - Teaching
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Environmental education makes individuals aware of environmental issues, explore and analyse causes and effectiveness of the issues, and promotes environmental sustainability.
Reason R: It is very essential to think and act creatively to become technically capable and trained to approach environmental issues in a proactive manner.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given belowHelping individuals and social groups acquire social values, contributes to development of:
The underlying purpose of environmental education is to:
A. Adjust to environmental challenges.
B. Help face environmental hazards.
C. Promote an individual's critical thinking about emerging issues.
D. Increase public awareness and knowledge of environmental issues.
E. Enhance problem-solving and decision-making skills in respect of handling environmental issues.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: All potential pollutants are synthetic chemicals.
Statement II: Many of the emerging contaminants have been observed to bioaccumulate in wildlife and humans.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Environmental education must be integral to all academic programmes as students need to be mainly sensitized about
