What is C12H22.O11 also known as-
Sugar
Understanding the Chemical Formula C12H22O11
The question asks to identify the common name for the substance represented by the chemical formula C12H22O11. This formula indicates a compound made up of 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms, and 11 oxygen atoms.
Let's look at the options provided and see which one matches this chemical composition.
Analyzing the Options for C12H22O11
- Sand: Sand is primarily composed of silicon dioxide (SiO$_2$). Its chemical formula is significantly different from C12H22O11.
- Sugar: Common table sugar, also known as sucrose, is a disaccharide. It is formed from the combination of two simpler sugars, glucose and fructose. The chemical formula for sucrose is indeed C12H22O11.
- Salt: Common table salt is sodium chloride (NaCl). This is an ionic compound formed from sodium and chlorine atoms. Its chemical formula is very different from C12H22O11.
- Clay: Clay is a complex material consisting mainly of hydrated aluminum phyllosilicates. Its composition varies, but it does not match the simple organic formula C12H22O11.
Comparing Chemical Formulas
Let's compare the typical chemical compositions or formulas of the given options with the formula in the question, C12H22O11.
| Substance | Typical Chemical Formula/Composition | Matches C12H22O11? |
|---|---|---|
| Sand | SiO$_2$ (Silicon Dioxide) | No |
| Sugar (Sucrose) | C12H22O11 | Yes |
| Salt (Table Salt) | NaCl (Sodium Chloride) | No |
| Clay | Hydrated Aluminum Phyllosilicates (Complex) | No |
From the comparison, it is clear that the chemical formula C12H22O11 corresponds to common table sugar, specifically sucrose.
Revision Table: Common Chemical Compounds
| Common Name | Chemical Name | Chemical Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Table Sugar | Sucrose | C12H22O11 |
| Table Salt | Sodium Chloride | NaCl |
| Water | Dihydrogen Monoxide | H$_2$O |
| Carbon Dioxide | Carbon Dioxide | CO$_2$ |
| Baking Soda | Sodium Bicarbonate | NaHCO$_3$ |
Additional Information about C12H22O11 (Sucrose)
C12H22O11 is a carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are a major class of organic compounds that include sugars, starches, and cellulose. They serve as energy sources and structural components in living organisms.
Sucrose is classified as a disaccharide because it is formed from two monosaccharide units linked together. The monosaccharides that make up sucrose are glucose (C$_6$H12O$_6$) and fructose (C$_6$H12O$_6$). The formation of sucrose from glucose and fructose involves a condensation reaction, where a molecule of water (H$_2$O) is removed:
\( \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \text{ (glucose)} + \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \text{ (fructose)} \rightarrow \text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11} \text{ (sucrose)} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \)
This explains why the formula C12H22O11 has 2 fewer hydrogen atoms and 1 fewer oxygen atom than the combined atoms of glucose and fructose (C$_6$H12O$_6$ + C$_6$H12O$_6$ = C12H24O12).
Sucrose is commonly extracted from sugarcane and sugar beets. It is widely used as a sweetener in food and beverages.
Important Questions from Chemical Bond and Molecular Structure
- Which one of the following is a covalent compound?
Which one of the following is the correct molecular formula of ammonium carbonate if the valency of ammonium ion is (+1) and carbonate anion is (-2)?
Which one of the following statements is correct?
What is the bond angle (in degrees) in the structure of a benzene molecule?
Which of the following agents is good for purifying drinking water?
A. Catalytic agent
B. Reducing agent
C. Sterilizing agent
D. Oxidizing agent
