Water for irrigation supplied as per crop requirement throughout the crop period / year is called:
perennial irrigation
Understanding Different Types of Irrigation
Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals to ensure their growth. Different methods are employed depending on the water source, terrain, crop type, and water availability. The question asks about a specific type of irrigation that provides water as per the crop's requirement throughout the crop period or even the entire year.
Analyzing the Question: Continuous Water Supply for Crops
The core requirement mentioned in the question is the continuous or perennial supply of water throughout the crop's growth cycle or the year. We need to identify which irrigation method best fits this description.
Evaluating the Irrigation Options
Let's examine each option provided:
- Perennial irrigation: The term 'perennial' means lasting for a long time, typically throughout the year or perpetually. In the context of irrigation, perennial irrigation systems are designed to supply water continuously or whenever needed throughout the crop period or the entire year, ensuring water availability irrespective of seasonal rainfall patterns. This aligns directly with the description given in the question.
- Lift irrigation: Lift irrigation is a method where water is lifted from a source (like a river, canal, or well) to a higher level for distribution to fields. While it can be part of a perennial system, the term itself refers to the *method* of lifting water, not the *duration* of supply.
- Drip irrigation: Drip irrigation is a micro-irrigation system where water is delivered directly to the plant roots using emitters, typically applied slowly and precisely. It's an efficient method but doesn't inherently define the *duration* of water availability (it could be seasonal or perennial).
- Inundation irrigation: Inundation irrigation is a method where fields are flooded seasonally, often relying on the natural rise and fall of river levels during flood periods. This method is characterized by its *seasonal* nature and flooding, not a continuous supply throughout the year based on crop requirement.
Identifying the Correct Irrigation Method
Based on the analysis of the options, the method that specifically describes supplying water as per crop requirement throughout the crop period or year is perennial irrigation.
Therefore, the correct answer is perennial irrigation.
Revision Table: Key Irrigation Types
| Irrigation Type | Description | Duration/Characteristic |
|---|---|---|
| Perennial Irrigation | Continuous water supply throughout the crop period or year based on requirement. | Continuous / Year-round |
| Lift Irrigation | Water is lifted from a lower source to a higher level. | Method of water delivery |
| Drip Irrigation | Water delivered slowly and directly to plant roots. | Efficient, precise application |
| Inundation Irrigation | Fields are flooded seasonally, often during river floods. | Seasonal flooding |
Additional Information on Irrigation Systems
Understanding different irrigation systems is crucial in agriculture. Perennial irrigation relies on reliable water sources like dams or reservoirs that can store water and release it as needed throughout the year. This contrasts with seasonal irrigation methods that depend solely on natural rainfall or seasonal river flows.
Modern perennial irrigation systems often integrate various water-saving techniques like drip or sprinkler irrigation to maximize efficiency and minimize water waste. The goal is always to provide the optimal amount of water to the crops at the right time for healthy growth and maximum yield.
Important Questions from Types of Irrigation
In which method of irrigation, the entire field is divided into number of levelled plots surrounded by levees ?
In border strip flooding method, the farm is divided into a series of strips
The technique of watering plants by making use of narrow tubes which deliver water directly at the base of the plant is called ________.
Which of the following states of India still uses the ancient bamboo drip irrigation method?
An irrigation scheme is known as minor, if command area is equal to or less than (in hectares)
