The study of crime and criminal behavior is known as criminology. Understanding the history of this field involves knowing who introduced its terminology.
The specific term 'criminology' was first introduced into academic discourse by:
While other scholars like Cesare Lombroso made significant contributions to the study of crime, and figures like Emile Durkheim developed sociological theories related to deviance, Paul Topinard is recognized for coining the specific term 'criminology'. Edwin Sutherland was a prominent figure later, known for defining criminology and developing differential association theory.
| LIST-I (Concepts) | LIST-II (Meanings) |
| A. Theory | I. Generalized representations of a system or an object, that is constructed to some aspects of that system or the system as a whole. |
| B. Model | II. Research problem is represented by a mathematical model. |
| C. Survey | III. It is a set of systematically interrelated propositions that explain and predict a phenomenon or a fact. |
| D. Modeling | IV. It is a data collection technique using a questionnaire. |