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Question

The statements given below are marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (B) :
A : It is important to introduce data representation and analysis in the primary stage and to strengthen it in the upper primary stage.
B : Data analysis exposes children at primary level to uncertainty and changeability in information as opposed to the fixed nature of mathematical facts they mostly study.
Choose the correct option.

The correct answer is
A is true and B is the correct reason of A.

Analyzing Assertion (A): Early Data Education Importance

Assertion (A) states the importance of introducing data representation and data analysis at the primary stage and strengthening it in the upper primary stage.

  • Introducing foundational concepts early is standard pedagogical practice across subjects.
  • Data handling skills are crucial for real-world understanding and logical reasoning.
  • Therefore, Assertion (A) is considered true.

Analyzing Reason (B): Data Analysis Benefits

Reason (B) explains that data analysis exposes children to uncertainty and changeability in information, contrasting it with the fixed nature of typical mathematical facts.

  • Mathematical facts (e.g., arithmetic operations, algebraic rules) are generally deterministic and constant.
  • Real-world data often exhibits variability, trends, and uncertainty, requiring interpretation rather than just calculation.
  • Understanding this difference is a key benefit of learning data analysis.
  • Therefore, Reason (B) is also considered true.

Evaluating the Relationship Between A and B

The question asks if Reason (B) correctly explains why Assertion (A) is important.

  • The unique learning aspect highlighted in Reason (B) – understanding uncertainty and variability – is precisely a major reason *why* introducing data analysis early (as stated in Assertion A) is valuable.
  • This exposure builds critical thinking skills beyond rote memorization of fixed mathematical rules.
  • Thus, Reason (B) provides a valid and correct explanation for the importance stated in Assertion (A).

Conclusion

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (B) are true, and Reason (B) correctly explains Assertion (A).

The correct option is the one that reflects this: A is true and B is the correct reason of A.

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Important Questions from Mathematics

  1. The cost of a machine is Rs. 20,000 and its estimated useful life is 10 years. The scrap value of the machine, when its value depriciates at 10% p.a, is:

    use (0.9)10 = 0.35

  2. Let C be the circle of radius π/4, centered at z = \(\frac{1}{4}\) in the complex z-plane that is traversed counter-clockwise. The value of the contour integral ∮c\(\frac{{{{\rm{z}}^{\rm{2}}}}}{{{\rm{si}}{{\rm{n}}^{\rm{2}}}{\rm{4z}}}}\)dz is

  3. Let X be a real-valued random variable such that E[eX] < ∞ and E[eX] = eE[X]. Then which of the following is correct?

  4. There are three urns U1, U2, U3, each with balls of two colours. U1 contains 2 white balls and 3 black balls, U2 contains 3 white balls and 2 black balls and U3 contains 5 white balls and 5 black balls. An urn is chosen at random and a ball is drawn from that urn at random. What is the probability that U2 was chosen given that the ball picked is black in colour?

  5. Let {Xn ∶ n ≥ 0} be a two state Markov chain with state space S = {0, 1} and transition matrix

    P = \(\begin{bmatrix} \frac{1 }{2 }&\frac{ 1}{2 } \\\ \frac{1 }{ 3} &\frac{ 2}{3 } \end{bmatrix} \)

    Assuming X0 = 0, the expected return time to 0 is

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