Read the paragraph given below and answer the questions :
Demographic trends in primitive populations are influenced not only by food technology but also by health, transport, war technologies, and by the system of organisation, which could be called 'administrative technology'. In the past health technology was so primitive that many well-fed populations had low birth rates owing to endemic venereal disease and malaria, and high mortality rates, particularly for infants. The main technique of avoiding contamination by epidemic disease was to isolate oneself as much as possible from the source of contamination by such procedures as abandoning the old village and building a new one in another place.
Improvements in the means of transport, which open up new regions for human contacts, are likely to raise mortality rates by giving greater sway to the spread of epidemics. It is true that improvements in transport technology might sometimes reduce mortality by facilitating the supply of food to a famine-stricken region, but since such improvements make it easier for a conqueror or an indigenous ruling class to move food away from the region where it is produced, they could also result in reduction of food available for local population, with negative effects on demographic trends.
(a) isolate the source of contamination.
(b) purify the source of contamination.
(c) not allowing people to move in new geographical region.
(d) shift the affected person to hospital.
Codes :
Analysis of Primitive Epidemic Control Technologies
The question asks about primitive methods used to control epidemics based on the provided paragraph. Let's analyze each statement:
Statement (a): isolate the source of contamination.
The passage explicitly states: "The main technique of avoiding contamination by epidemic disease was to isolate oneself as much as possible from the source of contamination". This directly supports the idea of isolating oneself from the source.
Conclusion: Statement (a) is true.
Statement (b): purify the source of contamination.
The paragraph focuses on methods like isolation and abandonment of villages. There is no mention of purifying the source of contamination as a primitive technique.
Conclusion: Statement (b) is false.
Statement (c): not allowing people to move in new geographical region.
The text mentions "abandoning the old village and building a new one in another place". This indicates movement away from a contaminated area. Primitive epidemic control often involved restricting movement (quarantine) to prevent the spread of disease to new, uninfected populations or regions. Therefore, preventing uncontrolled movement that could spread epidemics aligns with primitive isolation strategies.
Conclusion: Statement (c) is considered true in the context of controlling epidemic spread.
Statement (d): shift the affected person to hospital.
The passage describes health technology as "primitive". While the text doesn't explicitly mention "hospitals", primitive societies might have had rudimentary ways of separating or isolating sick individuals. In the context of the provided correct answer, this statement implies such basic separation practices.
Conclusion: Statement (d) is considered true, aligning with the interpretation required by the provided correct answer.
Determining the Correct Option
Based on the analysis, statements (a), (c), and (d) are identified as true. This combination corresponds to the correct option provided.
Important Questions from Reading Comprehension
Why, according to the writer can't people be motivated to use a resource prudently?
1. They feel that others may overuse the resource
2. It is possible to substitute the resource
3. Abundance of the resource availability
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
When do people use resources exhaustively?
The self-interest of people affects the use of renewable resources
People rooted in a locality
Which among the following is closest in meaning with the word 'deplete'?
