This question asks to identify the author of a specific quote concerning the influence of social morality and moral ideals on law.

Identifying the Quote's Author

The quote states: "The law of every modern state shows as at a thousand points the influence of both the accepted social morality and wider moral ideals. These influences enter into law either abruptly and avowedly through legislation, or silently and piecemeal through the judicial process."

This statement is a well-known assertion in legal philosophy, highlighting the relationship between societal values and the legal system. Identifying the source requires knowledge of prominent legal scholars and their contributions.

Attributing the Influence of Morality Quote

The attribution of this specific quote is a matter of legal history and scholarship.

• The quote is attributed to John Chipman Gray, a prominent American legal theorist.
• Gray, in his work "The Nature and Sources of the Law" (1905), extensively discussed how judicial decisions and societal norms shape the law.
• His work emphasized the role of judges and the practical application of morality in legal development, aligning with the sentiment expressed in the quote.
• Other options like Bentham (utilitarianism), Hart (legal positivism), and Karkunov are associated with different legal theories and are not the source of this particular statement.

Therefore, John Chipman Gray is the author of the given statement.