Indian Standard Temperature for Specific Gravity

Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, under specified conditions. For liquids, the reference substance is typically water, and for gases, it is often air at a specific temperature and pressure.

Since the density of a substance changes with temperature, it is crucial to specify the temperature at which the density measurements are taken when reporting specific gravity. Different standards organizations might specify different standard temperatures.

Standard Temperature as per Indian Standard

According to the Indian standards, the standard temperature specified for reporting the specific gravity of liquids is 27°C.

This standard temperature ensures consistency and allows for easy comparison of specific gravity values measured under the same conditions.

In summary:

• Specific gravity is a ratio of densities.
• Density changes with temperature.
• A standard temperature is needed for reporting specific gravity.
• The Indian standard specifies 27°C as this standard temperature.