The $i-v$ characteristics of the diode in the circuit given below are $i= \begin{cases} \frac{v-0.7}{500} \text{ A,} & v \ge 0.7 \text{ V} \\ 0 \text{ A,} & v < 0.7 \text{ V} \end{cases}$ The current in the circuit is
To find the current in the given circuit, we need to analyze the diode's operation and apply the given $i-v$ characteristics. The circuit consists of a 10 V battery, a 1 kΩ resistor, and a diode.
The $i-v$ characteristics of the diode are:
First, let's use Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) around the loop:
\(10 - i \cdot 1000 - v = 0\)
Rearrange to solve for \( v \):
\(v = 10 - 1000i\)
For the diode to conduct, \( v \) must be at least 0.7 V. Therefore, let:
\(10 - 1000i \ge 0.7\)
Simplifying, we get:
\(1000i \le 9.3\)
\(i \le 0.0093 \, \text{A} \, \text{or} \, 9.3 \, \text{mA}\)
Using the diode's characteristic equation \( i = \frac{v-0.7}{500} \), substitute \( v = 10 - 1000i \)
\(i = \frac{10 - 1000i - 0.7}{500}\)
Multiply throughout by 500 to clear the fraction:
\(500i = 10 - 0.7 - 1000i\)
\(500i + 1000i = 9.3\)
\(1500i = 9.3\)
Solve for \( i \):
\(i = \frac{9.3}{1500} = 0.0062 \, \text{A} \, \text{or} \, 6.2 \, \text{mA}\)
Therefore, the current in the circuit is 6.2 mA.
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