The question asks to identify the leader of the school advocating for a strictly literal interpretation of Jewish law. This school of thought is historically associated with Shammai.
The followers of Shammai, known as Beth Shammai, generally adhered to a rigorous and literal understanding of the Torah and its commandments. Their interpretations were often stricter and less flexible compared to other contemporary schools.
In contrast, Hillel the Elder led a school (Beth Hillel) known for its more lenient, context-sensitive, and principle-based approach to interpreting Jewish law. Hillel emphasized understanding the spirit behind the law and promoting harmony.
Therefore, Shammai is correctly identified as the head of the school favouring strictly literal interpretation.
| List I | List II |
| Features | Remedies for breach of contract |
| A. Breach of promise to marry | I. Suit for injuction |
| B. Part performance (as much as earned) | II. Rescission of contract |
| C. Absolvation from all obligations | III. Sue for quantum meruit |
| D. Mode of securing the specific performance of negative terms of contract | IV. Vindictive damage |