CBD Origin: Understanding the Earth Summit's Role
The question asks to identify the global conference that led to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
The Convention on Biological Diversity is a major international treaty aimed at conserving biodiversity, ensuring the sustainable use of its components, and promoting fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. It was adopted on 22 May 1992 and opened for signature on 5 June 1992.
The Earth Summit (1992)
- The Earth Summit, officially known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 3 to 14 June 1992.
- It was a landmark event that brought together world leaders to address pressing global environmental and developmental issues.
- The primary goal was to produce a global agenda for environment and development for the 21st century (Agenda 21).
- Crucially, the Earth Summit resulted in several key international agreements, including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, and Agenda 21 itself. It also led to the creation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Connecting CBD to the Conference
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was indeed a direct outcome and one of the major achievements of the 1992 Earth Summit. It was opened for signature during the summit, reflecting its importance as a key agreement stemming from the conference's deliberations on environmental protection and sustainable development.
Evaluating Other Options
- Stockholm Conference (1972): This was the first major UN conference on international environmental issues, but it predates the CBD and focused on broader environmental concerns rather than specifically biodiversity conservation as a treaty.
- Paris Agreement (2015): This is a more recent international treaty focused specifically on mitigating climate change, adopted decades after the CBD was established.
- Kyoto Conference (1997): The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in Kyoto, Japan, is an international treaty that extends the 1992 UNFCCC related to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It addresses climate change, not biodiversity directly as its primary focus, and came after the CBD.
Therefore, the Earth Summit in 1992 is the conference that resulted in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Important Questions from Environment & Ecology
- The United Nations Carbon Offset Platform is an e-commerce platform to compensate greenhouse gas emissions by purchasing carbon credits. Who among the following can buy these carbon credits?
1. A company
2. An organization
3. A citizen
Select the answer using the code given below. - Read the below statements and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: India's first initiative to track Fishing Cats through radio-collars has been introduced at Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary.
Statement 2: Fishing Cats are primarily found in coastal wetlands and mangrove ecosystems. - Which range is known for its rich biodiversity and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
- How many riverine dolphins were estimated to be present across the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Indus River systems in India according to the country's first-ever detailed dolphin population survey released in March 2025?
- Which of the following is a preventive measure for nuclear disasters?
