Strain energy stored in a material when it is strained within its elastic limit is termed as:
Resilience
Understanding Strain Energy and Elastic Limit
The question asks about the specific term used for the strain energy stored in a material when it is deformed within its elastic limit. Let's break down the concepts involved.
What is Strain Energy?
When an external force or load is applied to an elastic material, it undergoes deformation (changes shape). During this deformation, the material stores energy internally. This stored energy is known as strain energy.
Think of stretching a rubber band. As you stretch it, you apply a force, and the rubber band stores energy. When you release it, this stored energy is released, causing the rubber band to return to its original shape (if stretched within its elastic limit).
The Significance of the Elastic Limit
The elastic limit is a critical point for materials. It is the maximum stress or load a material can withstand without undergoing permanent deformation. If the load is removed when the material is strained within its elastic limit, it will return to its original size and shape.
Strain energy stored up to the elastic limit is recoverable; it can be released, and the material goes back to its initial state.
Identifying the Correct Term
The term specifically defined as the strain energy stored per unit volume in a material within its elastic limit is known as resilience. Often, 'resilience' is also used to refer to the total strain energy stored within the elastic limit, not just per unit volume (which is more precisely 'modulus of resilience'). However, in the context of typical material property questions, 'resilience' refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy elastically.
Let's look at the other options:
- Impedance: Impedance is a concept related to the opposition to alternating current in electrical circuits or opposition to wave propagation in acoustics or mechanics. It is not related to stored strain energy in materials under stress.
- Elasticity: Elasticity is the property of a material that allows it to return to its original shape after deformation when the applied load is removed. While related to the elastic limit and energy storage, 'elasticity' is a property, not the term for the stored energy itself.
- Toughness: Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform before fracturing. It represents the total area under the stress-strain curve up to the point of fracture, which includes both elastic and plastic deformation energy. This is different from strain energy stored only within the elastic limit.
Therefore, the term that specifically describes the strain energy stored in a material when it is strained within its elastic limit is resilience.
In summary:
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Strain Energy | Energy stored in a material due to deformation. |
| Elastic Limit | Maximum stress/load before permanent deformation. |
| Resilience | Strain energy stored within the elastic limit (recoverable energy). |
| Toughness | Total energy absorbed up to fracture (includes plastic deformation). |
Based on these definitions, the strain energy stored within the elastic limit is termed resilience.
Important Questions from Mechanical Properties
The materials having the same elastic properties in all directions are called:
The failure of the material due to cyclic loads is known as-
The malleability is the property of a material by virtue of which a material-
The energy stored in a body when strained within elastic limit is known as
The ability of the material to resist indentation or surface abrasion is termed as ______.
