Statement - II : Both the NPV and the IRR methods of investment appraisal are based on discounted cash flow approach.
Analyzing Investment Appraisal Statements
This section evaluates two statements related to investment appraisal techniques used in finance.
Critique of Statement I: Accept-Reject Approach Use
Statement I claims the accept-reject approach is generally adopted when a firm has substantial funds to invest in multiple projects simultaneously. This statement is incorrect because:
- The accept-reject method is a basic decision rule used to evaluate individual projects based on whether they meet a minimum acceptable return or criterion (like positive NPV).
- When funds are ample and not a constraint, a firm might accept all projects that individually meet the acceptance criteria.
- However, if funds are limited (capital rationing), simply using accept-reject for each project isn't sufficient. Techniques like the Profitability Index (PI) are often used to rank projects and select the optimal combination, prioritizing those giving the best return per unit of scarce capital. The statement mischaracterizes the typical application and context of the accept-reject approach.
Validation of Statement II: NPV and IRR Basis
Statement II asserts that both the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) methods rely on the discounted cash flow (DCF) approach. This statement is correct:
- NPV Method: Calculates the difference between the present value of future cash inflows and the initial investment cost. It explicitly uses a discount rate (cost of capital) to bring future cash flows back to their present value, accounting for the time value of money.
- IRR Method: Identifies the specific discount rate at which the NPV of all cash flows (both positive and negative) from an investment equals zero. This calculation inherently involves the process of discounting future cash flows.
- Both NPV and IRR are widely recognized as primary DCF techniques because they fundamentally rely on the principle of discounting future cash flows to evaluate investment profitability.
Conclusion: Statement I is incorrect, while Statement II is correct.
Important Questions from Capital budgeting decisions
Zero Based Budgeting (ZBB) lays emphasis on:
A. Allocation of resources based on cost-benefit terms
B. Unlimited deficit financing
C. Preparing a new budget right from the scratch
D. Preparing the budget, neglecting the history of expenditure
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Indicate the correct code for discounted cash flow techniques for capital investment proposals from the following:
(i) Net Present Value Method
(ii) Internal Rate of Return method
(iii) Excess Benefit-Cost Ratio method
(iv) Net Terminal Value method
Choose the correct answer from the code given below :
Break even analysis is also known as:
Match List - I with List - II :
List - I (Methods) List - II (Description) A. Net present value I. Ratio of PV of inflows to investment B. Internal rate of return II. Rate where NPV = 0 C. Profitability index III. Present value of inflows – Present value of outflow D. Payback period IV. Time to recover initial cost Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
- Arrange the process of capital budgeting in proper sequence.
A. Identification of potential investment opportunities
B. Decision making
C. Assembling of proposed investments
D. Preparation of capital budget and appropriation
E. Implementation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
