State whether true or false: 'The entropy of an isolated system tends to decrease with time.'
False
Entropy of an Isolated System Over Time
The question asks whether the statement 'The entropy of an isolated system tends to decrease with time' is true or false.
To evaluate this statement, we need to recall the second law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics provides a fundamental principle about the behavior of entropy, especially in isolated systems.
Second Law of Thermodynamics and Isolated Systems
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated in several ways, but one common formulation concerning isolated systems is:
- The total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.
- It will remain constant if all processes are reversible.
- It will increase if there are any irreversible processes occurring.
Mathematically, for an isolated system, the change in entropy ($\Delta S$) is always greater than or equal to zero:
\(\Delta S_{isolated} \ge 0\)
This means the entropy of an isolated system can either stay the same or increase, but it cannot decrease.
Therefore, the statement 'The entropy of an isolated system tends to decrease with time' directly contradicts the second law of thermodynamics.
The natural tendency for an isolated system is towards states of higher entropy, often associated with increased disorder or randomness. This is why spontaneous processes in isolated systems proceed in a direction that increases the total entropy.
Considering the principle derived from the second law, the statement that entropy tends to decrease with time in an isolated system is false.
Important Questions from Thermodynamics
A system that does NOT allow exchange of heat with its surrounding is called
A system that does NOT allow exchange of heat with its surrounding is called
- Which of the following statements correctly describes the thermodynamic classification of entropy?
- A mass of $10 \text{ kg}$ is suspended vertically by a rope from the roof. A horizontal force is applied on the rope at a point $P$. The point $P$ is $1 \text{ m}$ vertically below the roof attachment point, and the length of the rope segment from the roof to $P$ is $2 \text{ m}$. If the suspended mass is in equilibrium, what is the tension in the upper part of the rope (from roof to $P$)? (Take $g = 10 \text{ ms}^{-2}$)
Example of thermoplastic among the following is
