Aeolian Soil Formation

The question asks about soils that are formed by the transportation and deposition of wind. Understanding how different types of soils are formed helps us identify the correct answer.

Soils are formed through various processes, including weathering of rocks and the deposition of materials transported by agents like water, wind, ice, and gravity.

• Aeolian soils: These soils are specifically formed by the action of wind. Wind picks up fine particles (like sand, silt, and clay) from one area, transports them, and then deposits them in another location. Examples include sand dunes and loess deposits. The term 'Aeolian' comes from Aeolus, the Greek god of wind.
• Alluvial soils: These soils are formed by the deposition of sediment carried by flowing water, typically rivers and streams. They are often found in river valleys and deltas.
• Glacial soils: These soils are formed by the action of glaciers. As glaciers move, they erode rock and soil, and then deposit the material (like till or outwash) when they melt.
• Lacustrine soils: These soils are formed by the deposition of sediment in lakes. The material settles at the bottom of the lake over time.

Based on these descriptions, the soil formed by the transportation and deposition of wind is Aeolian soil.

Therefore, the correct option is 1.