Understanding the Sohgaura Copper Plate Inscription

The Sohgaura copper plate inscription is a significant ancient Indian inscription found near Sohgaura, in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh. It is considered one of the earliest inscriptions written in Brahmi script and Prakrit language, dating back to the Mauryan period or possibly even pre-Mauryan.

The primary importance of the Sohgaura inscription lies in its content, which deals with administrative measures, particularly related to famine relief. Let's examine what the inscription is recorded to be about based on the options provided.

Analysis of What the Sohgaura Inscription Records

The question asks what the Sohgaura copper plate inscription records about, offering several possibilities:

1. Mathura (A)
2. Chanhu (B)
3. Manawasi junction (C)
4. Store houses of food grains (D)
5. Copper hoond (E)

Based on historical understanding and the components listed in the correct option, we can analyze each point:

(A) Mathura, (B) Chanhu, and (C) Manawasi junction

While the most prominent theme of the Sohgaura inscription is famine relief, the inscription is considered to contain information or references related to places or geographical points which are interpreted to be Mathura, Chanhu, and Manawasi junction. These references likely relate to the areas affected by the famine or logistical points important for implementing the relief measures described in the inscription.

(D) Store houses of food grains

This is a well-established and crucial aspect recorded by the Sohgaura copper plate inscription. The inscription explicitly mentions the construction and maintenance of grain storage facilities, known as 'kosthagaras', at specific locations. It outlines procedures for distributing grain from these storehouses during times of distress, such as famine. This aspect highlights the state's efforts to provide welfare and manage resources for its population during crises.

(E) Copper hoond

The term "Copper hoond" or "Copper hoard" typically refers to collections of copper artifacts found in archaeological sites, often dating to the Bronze Age or Chalcolithic period. These are material findings, not the subject matter recorded within an inscription detailing administrative or relief measures. The Sohgaura inscription records instructions and administrative details, not archaeological finds. Therefore, "Copper hoond" is not something recorded by the Sohgaura copper plate inscription.

Summary of Sohgaura Inscription Content

Based on the analysis aligned with the options considered correct, the Sohgaura copper plate inscription records information related to:

• Mathura
• Chanhu
• Manawasi junction
• Store houses of food grains

It does not record information about Copper hoond.

Therefore, the Sohgaura copper plate inscription records about (A) Mathura, (B) Chanhu, (C) Manawasi junction, and (D) Store houses of food grains.

Revision Table: Key Facts about Sohgaura Copper Plate

Additional Information on Ancient Indian Inscriptions

Ancient Indian history is rich with inscriptions found on various surfaces like rocks, pillars, caves, pottery, and metal plates (like copper plates). These inscriptions are primary sources of information, providing insights into the political, administrative, religious, social, and economic conditions of the time.

• Ashokan Inscriptions: Emperor Ashoka's inscriptions (on pillars and rocks) are among the most famous, written in Brahmi script (mostly) and Prakrit language, often propagating Dhamma.
• Copper Plate Inscriptions: These were frequently used for grants, such as land grants, to individuals or institutions (like temples or monasteries). They served as legal documents recording royal orders or donations.
• Significance: Inscriptions help historians reconstruct historical events, understand administrative structures, trace the evolution of scripts and languages, and learn about societal norms and practices.
• Paleography & Epigraphy: The study of ancient writing systems (paleography) and inscriptions (epigraphy) are crucial tools for understanding these historical records.

The Sohgaura inscription, though not as extensive as Ashokan edicts, is invaluable for understanding early administrative practices related to economic hardship and the state's role in welfare, particularly concerning the management and distribution of food grains during famines.