Understanding Analogies: Instruments and Their Measurements

The question asks us to find the word that completes the analogy: Galvanometer : Electricity :: Anemometer : ?

An analogy establishes a relationship between two things and asks us to find a third thing that has the same relationship with a fourth thing. In this case, we need to understand the relationship between 'Galvanometer' and 'Electricity'.

Analyzing the First Pair: Galvanometer and Electricity

A Galvanometer is a type of instrument used for detecting and measuring electric current. Therefore, a Galvanometer measures Electricity (specifically, electric current). The relationship is: Instrument : What it measures.

Applying the Relationship to the Second Pair: Anemometer and ?

We need to find what an Anemometer measures, maintaining the same 'Instrument : What it measures' relationship.

An Anemometer is an instrument used in meteorology to measure the speed of the wind. Thus, an Anemometer measures Wind speed.

Evaluating the Options

Let's look at the given options and see which one fits the relationship with 'Anemometer':

1. Current: This refers to the flow of electric charge, which is measured by a galvanometer or ammeter. It is not what an anemometer measures.
2. Wind speed: This refers to how fast the wind is blowing. This is exactly what an anemometer measures.
3. Air pressure: This is the force exerted by the weight of air molecules on a surface. It is measured by a barometer.
4. Altitude: This is the height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level. It is measured by an altimeter.

Based on the function of an anemometer, the correct measurement is Wind speed.

Summary Table

The analogy holds true with the pair 'Anemometer : Wind speed', as an anemometer is an instrument used to measure wind speed, just as a galvanometer is an instrument used to measure electricity (electric current).

Revision Table: Key Instruments and Measurements

Additional Information: Understanding Measurement Tools

Measurement tools are essential in various fields of science and engineering. They allow us to quantify physical properties and phenomena.

• Instruments are designed based on specific physical principles related to the property being measured. For example, some anemometers use rotating cups that turn faster in stronger winds, while others use the cooling effect of wind on a heated wire.
• Calibration is a crucial process for any measurement instrument to ensure its accuracy against known standards.
• Understanding the units of measurement is also important. Wind speed, for instance, is typically measured in meters per second (m/s), kilometers per hour (km/h), miles per hour (mph), or knots. Electric current is measured in Amperes (A).
• Analogies involving instruments and their functions are common in reasoning tests, requiring knowledge of basic scientific tools.