Select the option that is related to the fifth letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster and the fourth letter-cluster is related to the third letter-cluster. BEWMTT : ACTION :: KWQMTX : JUNIOR :: QTRJNZ : ?
PROFIT
Solving the Letter Cluster Analogy Problem
This question asks us to find the relationship between letter clusters and words, and then apply that same relationship to a new letter cluster to find the corresponding word. We are given two pairs that share a common pattern, and we need to determine the word related to the third letter cluster based on this pattern.
Analyzing the First Pair: BEWMTT and ACTION
Let's look at the position of each letter in the alphabet and compare the letters in the first cluster (BEWMTT) with the letters in the second word (ACTION).
| Position | Letter in BEWMTT | Alphabetical Position | Letter in ACTION | Alphabetical Position | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | B | 2 | A | 1 | $1 - 2 = -1$ |
| 2nd | E | 5 | C | 3 | $3 - 5 = -2$ |
| 3rd | W | 23 | T | 20 | $20 - 23 = -3$ |
| 4th | M | 13 | I | 9 | $9 - 13 = -4$ |
| 5th | T | 20 | O | 15 | $15 - 20 = -5$ |
| 6th | T | 20 | N | 14 | $14 - 20 = -6$ |
We observe a clear pattern: the corresponding letter in the second word is obtained by shifting the letter in the first cluster backwards in the alphabet by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 positions respectively.
Analyzing the Second Pair: KWQMTX and JUNIOR
Let's check if the same pattern holds for the second pair.
| Position | Letter in KWQMTX | Alphabetical Position | Letter in JUNIOR | Alphabetical Position | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | K | 11 | J | 10 | $10 - 11 = -1$ |
| 2nd | W | 23 | U | 21 | $21 - 23 = -2$ |
| 3rd | Q | 17 | N | 14 | $14 - 17 = -3$ |
| 4th | M | 13 | I | 9 | $9 - 13 = -4$ |
| 5th | T | 20 | O | 15 | $15 - 20 = -5$ |
| 6th | X | 24 | R | 18 | $18 - 24 = -6$ |
Yes, the pattern is consistent. The letters in JUNIOR are obtained by applying the same $-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6$ shift to the letters in KWQMTX.
Applying the Pattern to QTRJNZ
Now we apply this established pattern to the third letter cluster, QTRJNZ, to find the related word.
| Position | Letter in QTRJNZ | Alphabetical Position | Shift | Resulting Position | Resulting Letter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Q | 17 | $-1$ | $17 - 1 = 16$ | P |
| 2nd | T | 20 | $-2$ | $20 - 2 = 18$ | R |
| 3rd | R | 18 | $-3$ | $18 - 3 = 15$ | O |
| 4th | J | 10 | $-4$ | $10 - 4 = 6$ | F |
| 5th | N | 14 | $-5$ | $14 - 5 = 9$ | I |
| 6th | Z | 26 | $-6$ | $26 - 6 = 20$ | T |
By applying the shifts, we get the letters P, R, O, F, I, T. Combining these letters forms the word PROFIT.
Matching with Options
We compare our resulting word, PROFIT, with the given options:
- PROFTI
- PROFIT
- PROFIU
- PROEIT
The word PROFIT matches option 2.
Conclusion
The pattern observed in the first two pairs is a sequential backward shift in alphabetical position by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 for each letter. Applying this pattern to QTRJNZ yields the word PROFIT.
Revision Table: Letter Analogy Pattern
| Cluster | → | Word | Pattern Applied |
|---|---|---|---|
| BEWMTT | → | ACTION | $-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6$ |
| KWQMTX | → | JUNIOR | $-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6$ |
| QTRJNZ | → | PROFIT | $-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6$ |
Additional Information: Solving Reasoning Questions
Letter cluster analogy questions are common in reasoning tests. They require identifying a hidden rule or pattern that connects two sets of items (in this case, letter clusters and words). Here are some tips for solving such problems:
- Observe Carefully: Look at the letters and their positions within the clusters/words.
- Alphabetical Position: Assign numerical values to letters based on their position in the alphabet (A=1, B=2, ... Z=26). This often helps in finding mathematical relationships.
- Look for Patterns: Common patterns include shifts (forward or backward), reversals, skipping letters, or combinations of these.
- Check Multiple Pairs: If multiple examples are given (like the two pairs in this question), verify the pattern using all of them to ensure it's consistent.
- Apply Consistently: Once the pattern is identified, apply it rigorously to the new item to find the answer.
- Consider Other Attributes: Sometimes patterns might relate to vowels/consonants, symmetry, or other properties, but numerical/positional shifts are very frequent.
Practicing different types of analogy and coding-decoding questions helps improve pattern recognition skills.
Important Questions from Letter Based
Based on the English alphabetical order, three of the following four letter-cluster pairs are alike in a certain way and thus form a group. Which letter-cluster pair DOES NOT belong to that group? (Note: The odd one out is not based on the number of consonants/vowels or their
position in the letter-cluster.)- In the word VIBGYOR, which of the following two consecutive letters have the least difference between them in terms of letters of the English alphabet?
- Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that is similar to the letter-clusters given below?
MDCL, QBAP, YHGX, TFES, ? - Based on the English alphabetical order, three of the following four letter-cluster pairs are alike in a certain way and thus form a group. Which letter-cluster pair DOES NOT belong to that group?
(Note: The odd one out is not based on the number of consonants/vowels or their position in the letter-cluster.) - GKMP is related to BFHK in a certain way based on the English alphabetical order. In the same way, PJSU is related to KENP. To which of the given options is VOJZ related, following the same logic?
