This question requires analyzing the mechanisms of placental separation during the third stage of labour.

Placental Separation Statement Analysis

Statement 1: Separation occurs at deciduas spongiosa

The placenta detaches from the uterine wall at the decidua basalis. This layer consists of the decidua compacta and the decidua spongiosa. Separation primarily occurs within the spongy layer (deciduas spongiosa), leaving the compact layer of the decidua basalis attached to the myometrium.

Conclusion: Statement 1 is correct.

Schultz Method: Separation starts at the centre

The Schultze mechanism describes placental separation beginning at the central aspect of the placenta. As the separation progresses inwards, the foetal surface of the placenta is typically the first to be expelled.

Conclusion: Statement 2 is correct.

Duncan Method: Separation begins at the margin

The Duncan mechanism describes placental separation starting at the margin or edge of the placenta. This mechanism results in the maternal surface of the placenta being expelled first.

Conclusion: Statement 3 is correct.

Conclusion on Correct Statements

Based on the analysis, all three statements regarding placental separation are correct:

• Statement 1: Separation occurs at deciduas spongiosa.
• Statement 2: In the Schultze method, separation starts at the centre.
• Statement 3: In the Duncan method, separation begins at the margin.

Therefore, the option including all three statements is the correct choice.