1. Swara
2. Viruda
3. Pada
4. Tenak
5. Paat
6. Tala
The Prabandh has five Varieties or Jatis namely: Medini, Anandini, Dipani, Bhavani, and Taravali. The Jati having all six Angas is known as Medani, the jati having five Angas is known as Anandini, the Jati having four Angas is known as Dipani, the Jati having three Angas is known as Bhavani, the Jati having two Angas is known as Taravali.
Understanding Prabandha Angas in Sangit-Ratnakar
Sarangadeva's seminal work, Sangit-Ratnakar, provides a comprehensive framework for understanding various forms of Indian music. Within this text, the concept of Prabandh is elaborated, highlighting its structure and components. Prabandh is described as having two primary forms: Nibaddha gana, which is bound by structure and rhythm, and Anibaddha gana, which is free and unbound.
The Dhatus or Components of Prabandh
The constituent parts of a Prabandh are referred to as Dhatu. Sarangadeva identifies four essential Dhatus, which form the fundamental building blocks of the musical composition:
- Udgraha: The introductory or opening section.
- Melapak: The connecting or transitional part.
- Dhurva: The main theme or refrain.
- Abhog: The concluding or closing section.
Additionally, an optional part known as Antra could be included. This part was not mandatory and was typically placed between the Dhruva and Abhog in specific variations of Prabandh.
Exploring the Six Angas of Prabandh
Beyond the Dhatus, Prabandh also possesses six distinct Angas, which are its integral components or limbs. These Angas contribute to the richness and complexity of the Prabandh form. The six Angas are:
- Swara: Melody or notes.
- Viruda: Praise or eulogy, often poetic.
- Pada: Words or lyrics.
- Tenak: A specific type of melodic elaboration.
- Paat: Rhythmic syllables or bols.
- Tala: Rhythmic cycle.
The presence and combination of these Angas define the different Jatis or varieties of Prabandh.
Prabandh Varieties (Jatis) Based on Angas
Sarangadeva further categorizes Prabandh into five distinct Jatis (varieties), based on the number of Angas they incorporate:
| Jati | Number of Angas |
|---|---|
| Medini | 6 Angas |
| Anandini | 5 Angas |
| Dipani | 4 Angas |
| Bhavani | 3 Angas |
| Taravali | 2 Angas |
Therefore, the total number of essential Angas that constitute a Prabandh, as described in Sangit-Ratnakar, is six.
Important Questions from Miscellaneous
A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a 20 m high building with a speed of 12 m/s. It hits the ground at a distance R from the building. Taking g = 10 m/s2 and neglecting air resistance will give :
A sphere of volume V is made of a material with lower density than water. While on Earth, it floats on water with its volume f1V (f1 < 1) submerged. On the other hand, on a spaceship accelerating with acceleration a < g (g is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth) in outer space, its submerged volume in water is f2V. Then:
A railway wagon (open at the top) of mass M1 is moving with speed v1 along a straight track. As a result of rain, after some time it gets partially filled with water so that the mass of the wagon becomes M2 and speed becomes v2. Taking the rain to be falling vertically and the water stationery inside the wagon, the relation between the two speeds v1 and v2 is :
Consider the following statements:
1. Distance between the longitudes becomes zero on North Pole and South Pole.
2. Distance between the longitudes is maximum on the Equator.
3. Number of longitudes is more than number of latitudes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
One block of 2⋅0 kg mass is placed on top of another block of 3⋅0 kg mass. The coefficient of static friction between the two blocks is 0⋅2. The bottom block is pulled with a horizontal force F such that both the blocks move together without slipping. Taking acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2, the maximum value of the frictional force is :
