Matching Sensors with Applications: A Detailed Explanation

This question requires matching specific types of sensors with their most appropriate measurement applications. Let's break down each sensor and its typical use.

Understanding the Sensors

• P: Rotary Variable Differential Transformer (RVDT): This is an electromechanical sensor used primarily to measure angular displacement. It operates on the principle of mutual inductance and provides an AC output voltage proportional to the angle of rotation.
• Q: Thermocouple: A thermocouple is a temperature-measuring device. It consists of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming junctions at differing temperatures, which generates a voltage proportional to the temperature difference.
• R: Ionization Gauge: This type of gauge is used for measuring very low pressures (high vacuum). It works by ionizing gas molecules within the chamber and measuring the resulting ion current, which is proportional to the pressure.
• S: Strain Gauge: A strain gauge is a sensor whose resistance varies with applied mechanical strain. It is commonly used to measure strain, which can then be used to calculate stress, force, pressure, or displacement.

Matching Applications

Now, let's match these sensors to their best-suited applications:

• The Rotary Variable Differential Transformer (RVDT) is ideal for measuring Angular displacement.
• The Thermocouple is a standard sensor for measuring Temperature.
• The Ionization Gauge is specifically designed for Vacuum measurement.
• The Strain Gauge is used to determine Force measurement (by measuring the strain caused by the force).

Final Sensor-Application Pairing

Based on the analysis above, the correct pairings are:

• P matches with III (Angular displacement measurement)
• Q matches with IV (Temperature measurement)
• R matches with I (Vacuum measurement)
• S matches with II (Force measurement)

Summary Table

Therefore, the correct match is P-III, Q-IV, R-I, S-II.