Transmission Line Parameters Matching

This question requires matching parameters from List-I with their corresponding definitions or formulas in List-II.

Matching List-I Items to List-II

• a. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio): VSWR quantifies the standing wave pattern on a transmission line. It's the ratio of the maximum to minimum voltage amplitude. This ratio is always greater than or equal to 1. Therefore, VSWR matches with iv. ≥ 1.
• b. Reflection coefficient ($\Gamma$): The reflection coefficient represents the ratio of the reflected wave's amplitude to the incident wave's amplitude. Its magnitude is always less than or equal to 1 (i.e., $|\Gamma| \le 1$). Therefore, Reflection coefficient matches with i. $\le 1$.
• c. Propagation coefficient ($\gamma$): The propagation coefficient ($\gamma$) describes how the amplitude and phase of a signal change as it travels along a transmission line. For a uniform transmission line, it is given by the formula $\gamma = \sqrt{(R + j\omega L)(G + j\omega C)}$, where R, L, G, and C are the primary constants per unit length, and $\omega$ is the angular frequency. Thus, Propagation coefficient matches with iii. $\sqrt{(R + j\omega L)(G + j\omega C)}$.
• d. Characteristic impedance ($Z_0$): The characteristic impedance ($Z_0$) is a fundamental property of a transmission line, representing the ratio of voltage to current for a traveling wave. It is defined as $Z_0 = \sqrt{\frac{R + j\omega L}{G + j\omega C}}$. Therefore, Characteristic impedance matches with ii. $\sqrt{\frac{R + j\omega L}{G + j\omega C}}$.

Final Matching Summary

Based on the analysis:

• a matches with iv
• b matches with i
• c matches with iii
• d matches with ii

This corresponds to the option: a - iv, b - i, c - iii, d - ii.