Match the following in the area of internal migration estimation in List – I to List – II and select the correct answer using codes : Codes :List – I List – II (a) National Growth Rate Method (i) Assumes increase in rate in the population is the same in all the areas of the country. (b) Vital Statistics Method (ii) In considered population growth and natural increase in the are $(P_{1+x} - P_1) - (B - D)$. (c) Census Survival Ratio Method (iii) An adjustment factor is derived from survival ratio of the region with the standard model country and backward survival estimate is made. (d) Life table Survival Ratio Method (iv) It uses average mortality conditions of inter-censal period for calculating net migration.
a-(iii), b-(iv), c-(ii), d-(i)
Migration Estimation Methods: Matching Exercise
National Growth Rate Method and Description (iii)
The National Growth Rate Method can involve sophisticated regional adjustments. Description (iii) refers to deriving an adjustment factor from a survival ratio relative to a standard model country, including backward survival estimates. This signifies a refined approach where national demographic patterns, potentially influenced by survival characteristics, are used for sub-national migration estimation.
Vital Statistics Method and Description (iv)
The Vital Statistics Method utilizes population counts and vital events (births and deaths). Description (iv) correctly identifies that this method considers the average mortality conditions of the inter-censal period. These conditions are crucial as they influence the accuracy of death registrations and overall population change, directly impacting the calculation of net migration.
Census Survival Ratio Method and Description (ii)
The Census Survival Ratio (CSR) Method estimates net migration for cohorts. Description (ii) represents the core demographic accounting equation: net migration is the residual after accounting for population growth and natural increase ($M = (P_{1+x} - P_1) - (B - D)$). CSRM is a specific technique employed to derive this migration component.
Life table Survival Ratio Method and Description (i)
The Life table Survival Ratio Method employs survival probabilities from life tables, reflecting mortality patterns. Description (i) states an assumption of uniform population increase rates across areas. This match suggests that applying life table survival ratios uniformly might implicitly assume similar overall population growth characteristics or impacts across different regions.
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