Match the following:
(1) Hypothalamus (a) Radiation (2) Body Temperature is higher than Air or Water (b) Decrease partial pressure of $O_2$ (3) Body Temperature is higher than Surrounding object (c) Thermoregulation of Body (4) High Altitude (d) Convection
Matching Biological and Physical Concepts Explained
This question requires matching scientific terms with their correct descriptions or associated phenomena. Let's break down each item:
(1) Hypothalamus Explained
The Hypothalamus is a small region in the brain that plays a crucial role in many bodily functions. One of its primary functions is Thermoregulation of Body, meaning it helps maintain the body's internal temperature within a narrow, optimal range.
Therefore, (1) matches with (c) Thermoregulation of Body.
(2) Body Temperature Higher Than Air or Water Explained
When an object's temperature is higher than its surrounding medium (like air or water), heat naturally flows from the object to the surroundings. A significant way heat is lost from the body to cooler air or water is through Convection, which involves the movement of fluids (air or water) carrying heat away from the body.
Therefore, (2) matches with (d) Convection.
(3) Body Temperature Higher Than Surrounding Object Explained
When the body is warmer than a surrounding object (e.g., a wall, furniture), heat can be transferred directly between them without needing a medium like air or water. This type of heat transfer occurs through electromagnetic waves and is called Radiation. For instance, you can feel the warmth from a hot stove even without touching it or air moving past it.
Therefore, (3) matches with (a) Radiation.
(4) High Altitude Explained
As one ascends to higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure decreases. This reduction in pressure means that the gases in the air, including oxygen, are spread further apart. Consequently, the partial pressure of $O_2$ (oxygen) decreases, making it harder for the lungs to absorb sufficient oxygen.
Therefore, (4) matches with (b) Decrease partial pressure of $O_2$.
Final Matching Summary
Based on the explanations above, the correct matches are:
- (1) Hypothalamus - (c) Thermoregulation of Body
- (2) Body Temperature is higher than Air or Water - (d) Convection
- (3) Body Temperature is higher than Surrounding object - (a) Radiation
- (4) High Altitude - (b) Decrease partial pressure of $O_2$
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