Match List I with List II List I Insurance contracts List II Presence (time) of insurable interest (A) (I) (B) (II) (C) (III) (D) (IV)Marine insurance Both at the time of contract as well at the loss of subject matter Life insurance Throughout the contract of insurance Fire insurance At the time of loss of the subject matter General insurance At the time of insurance contract effected
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Understanding when insurable interest must exist is a key principle in different types of insurance contracts. Insurable interest means having a financial stake or relationship with the subject matter of insurance such that you would suffer a financial loss if the event insured against occurs. The timing of this required interest varies depending on the type of insurance policy.
Matching Insurance Types and Insurable Interest Timing
Let's analyze each type of insurance contract listed and the corresponding requirement for the presence of insurable interest:
- (A) Marine insurance: This type of insurance covers risks related to ships, cargo, and transportation by sea. For marine insurance, the insurable interest must exist at the time the loss occurs. A person might acquire interest in cargo while it's in transit.
- (B) Life insurance: Life insurance provides a payout upon the death of the insured person. In life insurance, the requirement for insurable interest is typically only at the time the insurance contract is first made (effected). The interest does not need to continue throughout the policy term or at the time of death for the policy to be valid.
- (C) Fire insurance: Fire insurance covers damage or loss caused by fire to property. For fire insurance, the insured must have an insurable interest both at the time the contract is taken out and at the time the loss due to fire occurs. If the insured sells the property before the fire, they lose their insurable interest, and the policy typically becomes void for them.
- (D) General insurance: This is a broad category that includes various types like motor insurance, health insurance, liability insurance, etc. While many forms of general insurance require insurable interest at the time of contract and at the time of loss (similar to fire insurance), in the context of the provided options and the correct mapping, the requirement for general insurance is stated as being throughout the contract of insurance. This suggests that the insured must maintain an insurable interest for the entire duration of the policy.
Mapping Analysis
Based on the standard principles and the provided options for matching, let's construct the pairings:
| List I (Insurance contracts) | List II (Presence of insurable interest) | Mapping |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Marine insurance | (III) At the time of loss of the subject matter | A - III |
| (B) Life insurance | (IV) At the time of insurance contract effected | B - IV |
| (C) Fire insurance | (I) Both at the time of contract as well at the loss of subject matter | C - I |
| (D) General insurance | (II) Throughout the contract of insurance | D - II |
Comparing this constructed mapping with the given options:
- Option 1: A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I (Incorrect)
- Option 2: A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II (Correct Match)
- Option 3: A - I, B - IV, C - II, D - III (Incorrect)
- Option 4: A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II (Incorrect)
The matching A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II corresponds to Option 2.
Revision Table: Insurable Interest Timing
| Insurance Type | When Insurable Interest is Required |
|---|---|
| Marine Insurance | At the time of loss |
| Life Insurance | At the time the contract is effected (inception) |
| Fire Insurance | Both at the time of contract and at the time of loss |
| General Insurance (as per options) | Throughout the contract |
Additional Information on Insurable Interest Principles
Insurable interest is a fundamental principle in insurance law. It ensures that insurance is used for protection against genuine financial loss rather than for gambling. If there is no insurable interest, the insurance contract is typically considered void.
- Purpose: It prevents insurance from being a wagering contract.
- Definition: It is a legal right to insure arising out of a financial relationship recognised by law.
- Examples: Ownership of property (fire, motor insurance), being a creditor of someone (life insurance), being related to someone whose death would cause financial loss (life insurance), potential liability (liability insurance), ownership of cargo (marine insurance).
The specific timing requirement for insurable interest varies because different types of insurance protect against different kinds of risks and operate under slightly different legal frameworks.
Important Questions from Insurance
Given below are two statements
Statement I: In the case of Life Insurance, the insurable interest must be present in the person insured at the time when the event happened.
Statement II: In the case of Fire Insurance, the insurable interest must be present in the object insured at the time when the policy is taken and the event has happened.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
Which of the following sentences explains the principle of utmost good faith in insurance?
‘Average clause’ in insurance is applicable for which one of the following cases?
Who among the following relatives of a deceased insured person is not “dependent” under the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948?
When did Life Insurance Corporation come into existence ?
