This question asks us to match famous philosophers of history with their important works. Understanding the key texts authored by prominent thinkers is crucial for studying the philosophy and methodology of history.

Matching Philosophers and Their Historical Works

Let's analyze each philosopher and their corresponding work from the lists provided:

• Michel Foucault: A highly influential French philosopher, historian of ideas, and social theorist. His work often examined the relationship between power and knowledge. A significant work focusing on the methodology and underlying structures of discourse is 'The Archaeology of Knowledge'.
• Edward Said: A Palestinian-American literary critic, cultural critic, and activist. He is best known for founding the field of postcolonial studies. 'Culture and Imperialism' is a major work that analyzes the connections between culture, power, and colonialism.
• Hayden White: An American historian and literary theorist. He is best known for his work on the philosophy of history and his assertion that historical writing is deeply influenced by literary tropology. 'Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe' is his most famous book, discussing the narrative structures of historical works.
• Marc Bloch: A French historian and a founder of the Annales School of French social history. His work emphasized long-term history and social structures. 'The Historian's Craft' (also known as 'Apologie pour l'histoire') is a foundational text reflecting on the nature and method of history.

Based on this information, we can create the correct matches:

Therefore, the correct matching is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i).

Revision Table: Key Thinkers and Texts

Additional Information on Historical Philosophy Works

These philosophers and their works represent diverse approaches to understanding history and historical writing. Foucault's "archaeology" looks at how knowledge systems are constructed over time. Said's work examines how power structures like imperialism shape cultural representations. White analyzes how narrative forms influence our understanding of the past. Bloch provides reflections on the practice and purpose of being a historian. Studying these texts gives insight into critical perspectives on historical methodology and theory.