This question asks us to match prominent sociological books/articles with their respective authors, focusing on the concepts of social structure, power, and ruling classes or elites.

Matching Books and Authors on Power Structures

To answer this question, we need to identify the authors who wrote the listed works. Let's examine each pairing based on known authorship in sociology and political science:

• Social Structure and the Ruling Class: This work is associated with Raymond Aron. Aron was a French philosopher and sociologist who analyzed various aspects of modern society, including class structures and power dynamics.
• The Power Elite: This is a famous work by C. Wright Mills, an American sociologist. In this book, Mills argues that a small group of military, industrial, and political leaders constitutes a unified ruling class in the United States.
• The Managerial Revolution: Written by James Burnham, an American political theorist. This book posits that society is moving towards control by managers and technical experts, shifting power away from traditional owners.
• The Ruling Class: Authored by Gaetano Mosca, an Italian political scientist. Mosca is considered one of the founders of elite theory, arguing that in every society, there is always a small minority (the ruling class) that holds power over the majority.

Establishing the Correct Pairs

Based on the authorship information, we can establish the correct matches:

• A. Social Structure and the Ruling Class – II. Raymond Aron
• B. The power elite – I. C. Wright Mills
• C. The Managerial Revolution – IV. James Burnham
• D. The Ruling Class – III. Gaetano Mosca

Let's present this matching in a table format for clarity:

Comparing this matching with the given options, we find the correct combination.

Summary of Matching

The correct pairing is: A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III.

Revision Table: Key Sociological Works on Power and Elites

Additional Information: Understanding Elite Theory and Power

These books and authors are significant figures in the study of power, class, and elites in society, particularly within political sociology. Elite theory is a perspective that suggests that power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals (the elite) rather than being distributed among the masses or through democratic processes. Key figures like Gaetano Mosca, Vilfredo Pareto, and Robert Michels were early proponents of this idea, sometimes referred to as the "Iron Law of Oligarchy".

• Gaetano Mosca: Argued that organized minorities always dominate unorganized majorities. His concept of the 'political class' or 'ruling class' consists of those who rule and those who help them rule.
• C. Wright Mills: Extended elite theory to the modern United States, arguing that the interconnections between leaders in the corporate, military, and political spheres create a unified power elite that makes major decisions.
• Raymond Aron: While influenced by elite theory, Aron offered more nuanced analyses of class and stratification, considering the complexities of social mobility and the nature of industrial society.
• James Burnham: His "Managerial Revolution" focused on a shift in the nature of the ruling class from traditional owners to a new class of technical and managerial elites who control the means of production through their administrative roles.

Studying these works helps us understand different perspectives on how power is distributed and maintained in various types of societies.