Question
Match List - I with List - II. Match the following filter characteristics with graph showing frequency versus magnitude along $x$ and $y$ axis, respectively :
List - I List - II A. Low pass filter I. 
B. High pass filter II. 
C. Band-pass filter III. 
D. Band-reject filter IV. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
The correct answer is
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
To solve this problem, we need to match the filter characteristics from List-I with the corresponding frequency response graphs from List-II.
Let's explain each type of filter:
- Low Pass Filter: This filter allows signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency to pass through and attenuates frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency. The frequency response graph typically starts at a point on the y-axis and drops to zero as the frequency increases.
- High Pass Filter: This filter allows signals with a frequency higher than a certain cutoff frequency to pass through and attenuates frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency. Its graph starts at zero and rises to a point as the frequency increases.
- Band-pass Filter: This filter allows signals within a certain frequency range to pass through and attenuates signals outside this range. Its graph shows a distinct passband.
- Band-reject Filter: Also known as a notch filter, it attenuates signals within a certain frequency range while allowing those outside this range to pass. Its graph shows a notch at the reject band.
Now, match each graph with the correct filter type:
- This graph represents a Low Pass Filter (Option A matches with II).
- This graph represents a High Pass Filter (Option B matches with IV).
- This graph represents a Band-pass Filter (Option C matches with I).
- This graph represents a Band-reject Filter (Option D matches with III).
Therefore, the correct matching is:
Option: A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
This matches the given correct answer.
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