Match List-I with List-II: Choose the correct answer from the options given below:List-I List-II (A) Sea anemone and the clown fish (I) Competition (B) Tiger and the deer (II) Predation (C) Flamingoes and resident fishes in South American lakes (III) Commensalism (D) Mycorrhizae (IV) Amensalism (V) Mutualism
(d) (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(V)
(A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(V)
(A) Sea anemone and the clown fish → (III) Commensalism
Nature of relationship:
The clown fish lives among the tentacles of the sea anemone. The anemone provides protection from predators, but it is neither harmed nor benefited.
Why commensalism?
Because only one species benefits, and the other is unaffected.
Correct Match: (A) – (III)
(B) Tiger and the deer → (II) Predation
Nature of relationship:
The tiger is a predator, and the deer is its prey.
Why predation?
The tiger kills and consumes the deer to obtain energy.
Correct Match: (B) – (II)
(C) Flamingoes and resident fishes in South American lakes → (I) Competition
Nature of relationship:
Both flamingoes and fishes feed on similar resources, like plankton and small aquatic organisms.
Why competition?
When organisms of different species compete for the same limited resources (like food or space), it is interspecific competition.
Correct Match: (C) – (I)
(D) Mycorrhizae → (V) Mutualism
Nature of relationship:
Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between fungi and the roots of higher plants.
Why mutualism?
The fungus helps the plant absorb water and nutrients, and the plant provides the fungus with sugars and carbohydrates. Both benefit.
Correct Match: (D) – (V)
Options Eliminated:
Amensalism (IV): One species is inhibited or destroyed, while the other is unaffected — not applicable to any pair above.
Final Matching Summary:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Sea anemone and the clown fish | (III) Commensalism |
| (B) Tiger and the deer | (II) Predation |
| (C) Flamingoes and resident fishes | (I) Competition |
| (D) Mycorrhizae | (V) Mutualism |
Important Questions from Organisms and Environment
Which of the following equation is correct about Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth?
Name the population interaction which takes place when one species is benefitted and another species has no effect (no benefit, no harm).
Identify the incorrect matching from the following population interactions:
Species A Species B Interaction + + Mutualism + – Parasitism – – Predation – 0 Amensalism (1) +, + → Mutualism
(2) +, – → Parasitism
(3) –, – → Predation
(4) –, 0 → Amensalism
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: An orchid grows as an epiphyte on a mango branch where the mango tree does not derive any apparent benefit from it.
Statement II: An orchid growing on a mango tree is an example of commensalism.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List-I with List-II:
List-I (Examples) List-II (Interactions) (A) Extinction of Abingdon tortoise after introduction of goats on Galapagos Islands (I) Parasitism (B) Infestations of marine fish by copepods (II) Commensalism (C) Cattle egret and grazing cattle (III) Mutualism (D) Fig tree and wasp (IV) Competition Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
