Match List-I with List-II: Choose the correct answer from the options given below:List-I List-II (A) Regular salaried employees (I) Permanent workers (B) Self employed (II) Who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood (C) MNREGA (III) Assurance of minimum 100 days employment (D) Disguised unemployment (IV) Common form of unemployment in rural India
(A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
Matching Concepts in Employment and Unemployment
The question asks us to match different terms related to employment status and government schemes with their appropriate descriptions. Let's analyze each item in List-I and List-II.
Understanding the Terms
List-I Terms:
- (A) Regular salaried employees: These are individuals who are employed by an employer and receive a fixed salary or wage on a regular basis, such as monthly or weekly. They often have written contracts and receive benefits.
- (B) Self employed: This category includes individuals who work for themselves rather than for an employer. They earn their livelihood by operating their own business, farm, or professional practice.
- (C) MNREGA: This stands for the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act. It is a flagship program in India aimed at enhancing the livelihood security of people in rural areas by guaranteeing 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
- (D) Disguised unemployment: This form of unemployment occurs when more people are engaged in a job than are actually required. The marginal productivity of the additional workers is zero or close to zero. Even if these excess workers are removed, the total output does not decrease. It is often found in the agricultural sector in developing countries.
List-II Terms:
- (I) Permanent workers: Generally refers to employees who have a stable, long-term position with an employer, often with job security and benefits. This aligns closely with the concept of regular salaried employees.
- (II) Who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood: This phrase describes individuals who are self-employed, running their own business or venture.
- (III) Assurance of minimum 100 days employment: This is a specific guarantee provided by the MNREGA scheme to eligible rural households.
- (IV) Common form of unemployment in rural India: Disguised unemployment is very common in rural parts of India, especially in agriculture, due to pressure on land and lack of alternative job opportunities.
Matching List-I with List-II
Based on the correct option provided, the matching between List-I and List-II is as follows:
| List-I Item | List-I Description | Matched List-II Item | List-II Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) Regular salaried employees | Individuals working for an employer receiving regular salary. | (IV) | Common form of unemployment in rural India |
| (B) Self employed | Individuals who run their own business or profession. | (III) | Assurance of minimum 100 days employment |
| (C) MNREGA | Rural wage employment guarantee scheme. | (II) | Who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood |
| (D) Disguised unemployment | Excess workers in a job; output doesn't fall if removed. | (I) | Permanent workers |
Thus, the matches are (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), and (D)-(I).
Revision Table: Key Concepts Summary
| Concept from List-I | Matched Concept from List-II (as per correct option) |
|---|---|
| Regular salaried employees | Common form of unemployment in rural India |
| Self employed | Assurance of minimum 100 days employment |
| MNREGA | Who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood |
| Disguised unemployment | Permanent workers |
Additional Information on Indian Labour Market
The Indian labour market is characterized by a large informal sector. Understanding these terms helps in analyzing employment patterns and challenges in the economy.
- Employment status is broadly categorized into self-employed, regular salaried employees, and casual wage labourers.
- Unemployment can take various forms, including open, disguised, seasonal, and structural unemployment.
- Government policies like MNREGA play a significant role in providing safety nets and employment opportunities, especially in rural areas, aiming to reduce poverty and unemployment.
- Rural economies often depend heavily on agriculture, leading to issues like disguised and seasonal unemployment when agricultural activities are not year-round.
Important Questions from Government Budget and the Economy
Arrange the sequence of events relating to the formulation of Goods and Services Tax in the correct sequence.
Arrange the following events in a sequence of their occurrence:
(A) Parliament passes Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(B) Demonetization
(C) Jan-Dhan Yojana
(D) Introduction of Goods and Services Tax
Determine Fiscal deficit from following:
Revenue Receipts = ₹20 Crores
Revenue Expenditure = ₹30 Crores
Capital Expenditure = ₹40 Crores
Borrowings = ₹15 CroresFor low-income countries, which of the following is not a basic infrastructure service?
Match List-I with List-II.
List-I (Earning) List-II (Factor Income / Transfer Income) A. Salaries of Government staff I. Profit B. Dividend II. Mixed Income C. Self-employed person III. Compensation of Employees D. Gifts IV. Transfer Income Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
